Refractometer
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Refractometers are calibrated to measure a known amount of sucrose in a given amount of water. To convert refractive index to a specific gravity, one must perform a calibration adjustment for unfermented wort. Partially or totally fermented wort require a more complex equation due to the presence of alcohol that typically requires both the starting gravity and the current refractive index. Beer brewing software can help you perform this calibration and calculation.
