Changes

* '''Mixing in Cold Water or Ice''' - Another method used by extract brewers - who typically boil only a portion of their final volume. Here cold water is mixed with the boiled extract to achieve the final volume (usually 5 gallons or 19-20 liters). The obvious disadvantage of mixing in cold water is the possiblity of introducing bacteria from the cold water into the sterile boiled wort.

* '''Counterflow Chillers''' - A device used commercially and by more advanced brewers. Here a coil of copper tubing is set within another tube of larger diameter. Cold water is pumped through the outer tube, while the wort is pumped through the inner tube in the opposite direction. These are extremely effective, and allow one to pump directly from the boil tank, through the cooler and into the fermentor in one shot. Some care is needed to properly clean them to avoid buildup of material or bacteria in the tubes.

[[Category:Processes]]

[[Category:Glossary]]