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'''Priming and Bottling''' is the last step for most homebrewers, unless they [[Kegging|keg]] their beer. Priming consists of mixing sugar in with the beer to promote fermentation after bottling. A small amount of priming sugar will ferment and carbonate your beer. Bottling is the process of transferring the primed beer into bottles using a bottle filler and capping them for aging and later consumption. While not covered here, you can also bottle directly from a keg using a special device called a [[Counter Pressure Filler|counter-pressure bottle filler]].
===Preparing Bottles and Caps===
Most brewers start by collecting used beer bottles of some kind. The type of bottle you want to select are ones that require a bottle opener to open. Screw-off bottles will not seal properly with a conventional bottle capper, so please don't use them. Do not use plastic bottles for long term storage as they are gas permeable and your beer will degrade over time. Plastic is also very hard to clean. Glass bottles in the 12 oz and 16 oz size are preferred by most brewers as glass is easy to clean. Labels on the bottles can be removed by soaking the bottles overnight in a light ammonia solution and then scrubbing the label off (use gloves!). Scrub any residue from the bottom of each bottle with a bottle brush and hold it up to a bright light to make sure that the bottles are clean. Throw any bottles away that are not clean. Darker bottles are considered better since sunlight can degrade beer over time, though hopefully you are storing your bottles in a box or refrigerator away from direct sinlight. ''Grolsch'' style bottles with a resealable cap are also popular, though one must take care to replace the seals periodically to assure a tight fit. If you don't want the hassle of collecting and cleaning old bottles, you can purchase brand new bottles of all kinds at many homebrewing shops.
New bottle caps must be purchased from a homebrew supplier (you can't reuse old bottle caps). There are two types of caps - conventional caps and oxygen absorbing caps. The latter have an oxygen absorbing material that is activated when the cap gets wet. This helps to absorb any remaining oxygen left at the top of the bottle preserving the beer a little longer (in theory). Conventional caps should be sterilized before use, typically by soaking in a light sterlizing solution such as iodophor.
===Preparing Equipment===
